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class="sidebar-link">位图管理</a></li><li><a href="/blog/09.html" class="sidebar-link">POSIX</a></li><li><a href="/blog/10.html" class="sidebar-link">main函数</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----> <span class="title">进程管理 | 10</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----> <span class="title">任务管理 | 10</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----> <span class="title">内存管理 | 10</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----> <span class="title">通讯机制 | 14</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section 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class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----> <span class="title">前因后果 | 4</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> <!----> <div class="content__sidebar-bottom"></div> <!----></aside> <main class="page"><nav class="breadcrumb disable"><!----></nav> <!----> <div class="content__page-top"></div> <div vocab="https://schema.org/" typeof="Article" class="page-title"><h1><!----> <span property="headline"></span></h1> <div class="page-info"><!----> </div> <!----> <hr></div> <div class="anchor-place-holder"><aside id="anchor"><div class="anchor-wrapper"><ul class="anchor-list"><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#时间都去哪了" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>时间都去哪了 ?</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#计算机怎么理解时间" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>计算机怎么理解时间</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#周期-、tick-、秒" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>周期 、Tick 、秒</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#tick硬中断-ostickhandler" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>Tick硬中断 | OsTickHandler</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#百文说内核-抓住主脉络" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>百文说内核 | 抓住主脉络</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#百万注源码-处处扣细节" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>百万注源码 | 处处扣细节</div></a></li><li class="anchor"><a href="/blog/05.html#关注不迷路-代码即人生" class="anchor-link heading3"><div>关注不迷路 | 代码即人生</div></a></li></ul></div></aside></div> <!----> <div class="content__content-top"></div> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><p>本篇关键词：时钟周期、机器周期、指令周期、分频</p> <p><a href="https://weharmony.gitee.io/blog/05.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><img src="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/index/05.png" alt=""></a></p> <p><a href="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/pdf/%E9%B8%BF%E8%92%99%E5%86%85%E6%A0%B8%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90(%E7%99%BE%E7%AF%87%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90.%E6%8C%96%E9%80%8F%E9%B8%BF%E8%92%99%E5%86%85%E6%A0%B8).zip" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">下载 &gt;&gt; 离线文档.鸿蒙内核源码分析(百篇博客分析.挖透鸿蒙内核).pdf</a></p> <p>基础知识相关篇为:</p> <ul><li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/01.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v01.12 鸿蒙内核源码分析(双向链表) | 谁是内核最重要结构体</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/02.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v02.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(内核概念) | 名不正则言不顺</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/03.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v03.02 鸿蒙内核源码分析(源码结构) | 宏观尺度看内核结构</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/04.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v04.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(地址空间) | 内核如何看待空间</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/05.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v05.03 鸿蒙内核源码分析(计时单位) | 内核如何看待时间</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/06.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v06.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(优雅的宏) | 编译器也喜欢复制粘贴 </a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/07.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v07.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(钩子框架) | 万物皆可HOOK </a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/08.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v08.04 鸿蒙内核源码分析(位图管理) | 一分钱被掰成八半使用</a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/09.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v09.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(POSIX) | 操作系统界的话事人 </a></li> <li><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/10.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">v10.01 鸿蒙内核源码分析(main函数) | 要走了无数码农的第一次 </a></li></ul> <h3 id="时间都去哪了">时间都去哪了 ?</h3> <ul><li>施教授说时间就是运动，地球围绕太阳公转一圈叫一年，地球自转一圈叫一天，地球自转了365天才围绕太阳转完了一圈，所以一年等于365天，这些都是运动。</li> <li>我们能感知到时间的流逝，大概也是因为我们身体在运动，细胞一次次的复制，衰老，死亡，直至最后一次再也无法复制代表着生命彻底终结。我们日常总是被时间催促着走，就这样一天又一天，一年再一年。疫情都第三年了，口罩也带习惯了，不敢回头看，常常感叹，时间都去哪了 ？还没好好感受年轻就老了，还没好好看看你眼睛就花了，转眼就只剩下满脸的皱纹了。哎呀 ! 老衲快不行了，要泪崩了 。。。</li></ul> <h3 id="计算机怎么理解时间">计算机怎么理解时间</h3> <ul><li><p>没有时间，我们的生活将是无序的，对计算机更是如此的，而且只会更敏感，否则如何能做到精确到纳秒级的运算，它是如何理解时间的呢？它的敏感源又是什么呢 ？ 答案是：<strong>晶振</strong> 全称是石英晶体振荡器，是一种高精度和高稳定度的振荡器。位置一般在主板上，晶振为系统提供很稳定的脉冲信号，一秒钟内产生的脉冲次数也被称为系统时钟频率。一个标准的脉冲信号如 <strong>( 图一 )</strong> 所示。</p> <p><img src="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/5/pulse.png" alt=""></p></li> <li><p><strong>时钟周期</strong> 这里的时钟指的就是晶振，也叫晶振周期/振荡周期。它是计算机的最小时间单元，其他周期只能是它的倍数。</p></li> <li><p><strong>机器周期</strong> 为什么要搞出来个机器周期，因为到了<code>CPU</code>操作层面时钟周期不好用，有点类似美元和人民币的关系，美元已经是世界货币了，但每个国家国情不同，操作起来还是得用本国货币方便。一个机器周期等于多个时钟周期。它是<code>CPU</code>完成一个基本<strong>操作</strong>的时间单元。比如: 取指、译码、存储器读/写、运算等等操作。</p></li> <li><p><strong>指令周期</strong> 它是<code>CPU</code>完成一条<strong>指令</strong>的时间。又称提取－执行周期（fetch-and-execute cycle）是指CPU要执行一条机器指令经过的步骤，由若干机器周期组成。不同的机器分解指令周期的方式也不同，有的处理器对每条指令分解出相同数量的机器周期，另一些处理器根据指令的复杂程度分解出不同数量的机器周期，<strong>( 图二 )</strong> 为 <strong>Cortex-A8</strong>处理器架构图，图中清晰的说明了指令从 <strong>取指 - &gt;</strong> <strong>译码 -&gt;</strong> <strong>执行 -&gt;</strong> <strong>储存</strong>四个阶段。
<img src="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/5/A8.png" alt=""></p></li> <li><p><strong>总线周期</strong> 它是<code>CPU</code>操作总线设备的时间，由于存贮器和<code>I/O</code>端口是挂接在总线上的，对它们的访问，是通过总线实现的。通常将进行一次访问所需时间称为一个总线周期。这种访问速度较慢，因硬件发展的原因，各个设备的工作频率无法同步，甚至相差几个数量级，<code>CPU</code>很快，硬盘很慢，大家又需要协同工作，愉快的玩耍，就出现了<strong>分频</strong>概念，将高频信号变成低频信号，<strong>( 图三 )</strong> 显示分频器分出来的四个频率代表<strong>二分频</strong>、<strong>四分频</strong>、<strong>八分频</strong> 、<strong>十六分频</strong> <img src="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/5/divider.png" alt=""></p></li> <li><p>从时间长短角度总结下 <strong>时钟周期 &lt;</strong> <strong>机器周期 &lt;</strong> <strong>指令周期&lt;</strong> <strong>总线周期</strong></p></li></ul> <h3 id="周期-、tick-、秒">周期 、Tick 、秒</h3> <ul><li>对于<code>CPU</code>来说，它的计时单位是<code>Cycle</code>(时钟周期)，对于操作系统来说它的计时单位是<code>Tick</code>(节拍)，而用户的时间单位是秒/毫秒，这就存在一个互逆的换算过程，鸿蒙是如何换算的呢 ? 看几个宏定义就清楚了。<div class="language-c line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifndef</span> <span class="token expression">OS_SYS_CLOCK	</span><span class="token comment">//HZ:是每秒中的周期性变动重复次数的计量</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name">OS_SYS_CLOCK</span> <span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">get_bus_clk</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> </span><span class="token comment">//系统主时钟频率 例如:50000000 即20纳秒震动一次</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifndef</span> <span class="token expression">LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name">LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND</span> <span class="token expression"><span class="token number">100</span> </span><span class="token comment">//每秒Tick数，内核定时器触发单位</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">define</span> <span class="token macro-name">OS_CYCLE_PER_TICK</span> <span class="token expression"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>g_sysClock <span class="token operator">/</span> LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND<span class="token punctuation">)</span> </span><span class="token comment">//每个tick时钟周期数</span></span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><code>Tick</code>由系统集成商根据实际情况来配置，<code>Tick</code>大系统更灵敏，对CPU的要求更高，也会带来更多的性能损耗。
从代码中可以计算出 <strong>OS_CYCLE_PER_TICK = 50万</strong> 个时钟周期，假设指令平均执行周期按10个时钟周期算(实际不能这么计算)，可执行5万条机器指令。</li> <li>在<code>CP15</code>协处理器中有个专门的 <strong>CNTFRQ</strong> 寄存器用于存储时钟周期，详见代码：<div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>/* 
* 见于 &lt;&lt; arm 架构参考手册&gt;&gt; B4.1.21 处 CNTFRQ寄存器表示系统计数器的时钟频率。
* 这个寄存器是一个通用的计时器寄存器。
* MRC p15, 0, &lt;Rt&gt;, c14, c0, 0 ; Read CNTFRQ into Rt
* MCR p15, 0, &lt;Rt&gt;, c14, c0, 0 ; Write Rt to CNTFRQ
*/
UINT32 HalClockFreqRead(VOID)
{
    return READ_TIMER_REG32(TIMER_REG_CNTFRQ);
}

VOID HalClockFreqWrite(UINT32 freq)
{
    WRITE_TIMER_REG32(TIMER_REG_CNTFRQ, freq);
}
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div></li> <li>鸿蒙内核以全局变量<code>g_sysClock</code>表示系统时钟，由硬时钟模块完成对它的初始化，并创建硬定时器<code>OsTickHandler</code><div class="language-c line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code><span class="token comment">//硬时钟初始化</span>
LITE_OS_SEC_TEXT_INIT VOID <span class="token function">HalClockInit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>VOID<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    UINT32 ret<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    g_sysClock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">HalClockFreqRead</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//读取CPU的时钟频率</span>
    ret <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">LOS_HwiCreate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>OS_TICK_INT_NUM<span class="token punctuation">,</span> MIN_INTERRUPT_PRIORITY<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> OsTickHandler<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//创建硬中断定时器</span>
    <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>ret <span class="token operator">!=</span> LOS_OK<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token function">PRINT_ERR</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;%s, %d create tick irq failed, ret:0x%x\n&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> __FUNCTION__<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">__LINE__</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ret<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div></li> <li>用户与操作系统之间的时间转换函数为<div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>  LITE_OS_SEC_TEXT_MINOR UINT32 LOS_MS2Tick(UINT32 millisec)
  {
      if (millisec == OS_MAX_VALUE) {
          return OS_MAX_VALUE;
      }
      return ((UINT64)millisec * LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND) / OS_SYS_MS_PER_SECOND;
  }
  LITE_OS_SEC_TEXT_MINOR UINT32 LOS_Tick2MS(UINT32 tick)
  {
      return ((UINT64)tick * OS_SYS_MS_PER_SECOND) / LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND;
  }
  LITE_OS_SEC_TEXT_MINOR UINT32 OsNS2Tick(UINT64 nanoseconds)
  {
      const UINT32 nsPerTick = OS_SYS_NS_PER_SECOND / LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_PER_SECOND;
      UINT64 ticks = (nanoseconds + nsPerTick - 1) / nsPerTick;
      if (ticks &gt; OS_MAX_VALUE) {
          ticks = OS_MAX_VALUE;
      }
      return (UINT32)ticks;
  }
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div></li></ul> <h3 id="tick硬中断-ostickhandler">Tick硬中断 | OsTickHandler</h3> <div class="language-c line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code>
LITE_OS_SEC_TEXT VOID <span class="token function">OsTickHandler</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>VOID<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifdef</span> <span class="token expression">LOSCFG_SCHED_TICK_DEBUG </span></span>
    <span class="token function">OsSchedDebugRecordData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifdef</span> <span class="token expression">LOSCFG_KERNEL_VDSO</span></span>
    <span class="token function">OsVdsoTimevalUpdate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//更新vdso数据页时间，vdso可以直接在用户进程空间绕过系统调用获取系统时间(例如:gettimeofday)</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">ifdef</span> <span class="token expression">LOSCFG_BASE_CORE_TICK_HW_TIME</span></span>
    <span class="token function">HalClockIrqClear</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* diff from every platform */</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">endif</span></span>
    <span class="token function">OsSchedTick</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//由时钟发起的调度</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><ul><li><strong>OsTickHandler</strong> 是控制内核正常运行的发动机，本质是硬中断，在所有硬中断中优先级最低，注意没有硬中断内核将是一片死寂，毫无生气。硬件定时器是有时间规律的重复硬中断，中断处理函数反复的检查任务列表，是否当前任务继续执行，是否时间片到了该切换任务执行了，是否有更高优先级任务需先执行。同时检查软件定时器的任务列表的时间是否到了，可以说软件定时器的时间基础就是硬件定时器，其精确度是一个<code>Tick</code>。</li> <li>涉及内容具体可翻看系列篇 <strong>中断管理篇</strong>、<strong>调度机制篇</strong>、<strong>软件定时器篇</strong> 、<strong>VDSO篇</strong></li></ul> <h3 id="百文说内核-抓住主脉络">百文说内核 | 抓住主脉络</h3> <ul><li>百文相当于摸出内核的肌肉和器官系统，让人开始丰满有立体感，因是直接从注释源码起步，在加注释过程中，每每有心得处就整理,慢慢形成了以下文章。内容立足源码，常以生活场景打比方尽可能多的将内核知识点置入某种场景，具有画面感，容易理解记忆。说别人能听得懂的话很重要! 百篇博客绝不是百度教条式的在说一堆诘屈聱牙的概念，那没什么意思。更希望让内核变得栩栩如生，倍感亲切。</li> <li>与代码需不断<code>debug</code>一样，文章内容会存在不少错漏之处，请多包涵，但会反复修正，持续更新，<code>v**.xx</code> 代表文章序号和修改的次数，精雕细琢，言简意赅，力求打造精品内容。</li> <li>百文在 &lt; 鸿蒙研究站 | 开源中国 | 博客园 | 51cto | csdn | 知乎 | 掘金 &gt; 站点发布，百篇博客系列目录如下。</li> <li><img src="https://weharmonyos.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/resources/common/cate.png" alt=""></li></ul> <p>按功能模块:</p> <table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">基础知识</th> <th style="text-align:center;">进程管理</th> <th style="text-align:center;">任务管理</th> <th style="text-align:center;">内存管理</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/01.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">双向链表</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/02.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">内核概念</a><br><a 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rel="noopener noreferrer">进程控制块</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/13.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">进程空间</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/14.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">线性区</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/15.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">红黑树</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/16.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">进程管理</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/17.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fork进程</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/18.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">进程回收</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/19.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Shell编辑</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/20.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Shell解析</a><br></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/21.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">任务控制块</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/22.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">并发并行</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/23.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">就绪队列</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/24.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">调度机制</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/25.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">任务管理</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/26.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">用栈方式</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/27.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">软件定时器</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/28.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">控制台</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/29.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">远程登录</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/30.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">协议栈</a><br></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/31.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">内存规则</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/32.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">物理内存</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/33.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">内存概念</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/34.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">虚实映射</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/35.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">页表管理</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/36.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">静态分配</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/37.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TLFS算法</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/38.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">内存池管理</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/39.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">原子操作</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/40.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">圆整对齐</a><br></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">通讯机制</td> <td 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target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">信号生产</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/50.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">信号消费</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/51.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">消息队列</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/52.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">消息封装</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/53.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">消息映射</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/54.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">共享内存</a><br></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/55.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">文件概念</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/56.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">文件故事</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/57.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">索引节点</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/58.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">VFS</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/59.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">文件句柄</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/60.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">根文件系统</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/61.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">挂载机制</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/62.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">管道文件</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/63.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">文件映射</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/64.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">写时拷贝</a><br></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/65.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">芯片模式</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/66.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ARM架构</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/67.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">指令集</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/68.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">协处理器</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/69.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">工作模式</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/70.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">寄存器</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/71.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">多核管理</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/72.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">中断概念</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/73.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">中断管理</a><br></td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/74.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">编码方式</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/75.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">汇编基础</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/76.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">汇编传参</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/77.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">链接脚本</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/78.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">内核启动</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/79.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">进程切换</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/80.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">任务切换</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/81.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">中断切换</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/82.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">异常接管</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/83.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">缺页中断</a><br></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;">编译运行</td> <td style="text-align:center;">调测工具</td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td> <td style="text-align:center;"></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/84.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">编译过程</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/85.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">编译构建</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/86.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GN语法</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/87.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">忍者无敌</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/88.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ELF格式</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/89.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ELF解析</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/90.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">静态链接</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/91.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">重定位</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/92.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">动态链接</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/93.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">进程映像</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/94.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">应用启动</a><br><a href="http://weharmonyos.com/blog/95.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener 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